pH and Lots More

Electrochemistry is not just pH and conductivity. Electrochemical detectors are being developed which determine organic and bio molecules in addition to ions. Currently on the market are Ion Selective Electrodes (ISE) which determine Fluoride, Chloride, Iodide, Sulfide, Cyanide, Ammonia, Nitrate, Sodium, Calcium, Potassium, and other ions. Other common probes are biological oxygen demand (BOD), oxidation reduction potential (ORP), and dissolved oxygen (DO). One of the newest probes available is an electrode for glucose determination. One of the advantages of electrochemical determination of molecules is detection levels on the order of picograms. Another advantage is fast response time. In the future expect new electrochemical products for the detection of biological and organic molecules.